Php Openssl Generate Encryption Key
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Using PHP “opensslencrypt” and “openssldecrypt” to Encrypt and Decrypt Data. You will need to generate a pseudo-random string of bytes that you will use as a 256 bit encryption key. The requested length will be 32 (since 32 bytes = 256 bits). Laravel's encrypter uses OpenSSL to provide AES-256 and AES-128 encryption. You are strongly encouraged to use Laravel's built-in encryption facilities and not attempt to roll your own 'home grown' encryption algorithms. You should use the php artisan key:generate command to generate this key since this Artisan command will use PHP's secure.
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Encrypt and decrypt files to public keys via the OpenSSL Command Line
Published: 25-10-2018 Author: Remy van Elst Text only version of this article
Table of Contents
This small tutorial will show you how to use the openssl command line to encryptand decrypt a file using a public key. We will first generate a random key,encrypt that random key against the public key of the other person and use thatrandom key to encrypt the actual file with using symmetric encryption.
Because of how the RSA algorithm works it is not possible to encrypt largefiles. If you create a key of n
bits, then the file you want to encrypt mustnot larger than (n
minus 11) bits. The most effective use of RSA crypto is toencrypt a random generated password, then encrypt the file with the passwordusing symmetric crypto. If the file is larger then the key size the encryptioncommand will fail:
We generate a random file and use that as the key to encrypt the large file withsymmetric crypto. That random file acts as the password so to say. We encryptthe large file with the small password file as password. Then we send theencrypted file and the encrypted key to the other party and then can decrypt thekey with their public key, the use that key to decrypt the large file.
The following commands are relevant when you work with RSA keys:
Openssl Generate Private Key
openssl genrsa
: Generates an RSA private keys.openssl rsa
: Manage RSA private keys (includes generating a public key from it).openssl rsautl
: Encrypt and decrypt files with RSA keys.
The key is just a string of random bytes. We use a base64 encoded string of 128bytes, which is 175 characters. Since 175 characters is 1400 bits, even a smallRSA key will be able to encrypt it.
Get the public key
Let the other party send you a certificate or their public key. If they send toa certificate you can extract the public key using this command:
Generate the random password file
Use the following command to generate the random key:
Do this every time you encrypt a file. Use a new key every time!
Update 25-10-2018
The key format is HEX because the base64 format adds newlines. The -pass
argument later on only takes the first line of the file, so the full key is notused. (Thanks Ken Larson for pointing this to me)
Encrypt the file with the random key
Use the following command to encrypt the large file with the random key:
Php Openssl Generate Encryption Key Update
The file size doesn't grows that much:
It's encrypted however:
Encrypt the random key with the public keyfile
Use the following command to encrypt the random keyfile with the other personspublic key:
You can safely send the key.bin.enc
and the largefile.pdf.enc
to the otherparty.
You might want to sign the two files with your public key as well.
Decrypt the random key with our private key file
If you want to decrypt a file encrypted with this setup, use the followingcommand with your privte key (beloning to the pubkey the random key was cryptedto) to decrypt the random key:
Cd-key generator warcraft. This will result in the decrypted random key we encrypted the file in.
Decrypt the large file with the random key
Once you have the random key, you can decrypt the encrypted file with thedecrypted key:
This will result in the decrypted large file.