Generate A Good Hash Key

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May 08, 2016 Simplest easiest method to access find key hash in windows step by step tutorial for beginners. The key hash is a type of simple authenticate key generate by your android development enviournment which will authenticate our developed android application ( In which we are going to add Facebook login ) and gives us the access to use Facebook login into our app. MD5 hashes are also used to ensure the data integrity of files. Because the MD5 hash algorithm always produces the same output for the same given input, users can compare a hash of the source file with a newly created hash of the destination file to check that it is intact and unmodified. An MD5 hash is NOT encryption. Generate a SHA-1 hash from your sensitive data like passwords with this free online SHA-1 hash generator. Optionally create a SHA-1 checksum of your files. Convert media free, fast and online. Entry is an inner class used by HashMap to stores Key and Value type’s objects. To place an Entry object in array, we need an index at which that object can store in array. This index is generated by hash code of key object provide by user. Hash code of key object can get by hashCode method of key object. Generate Equals and GetHashCode method overrides in Visual Studio. Override the GetHashCode method to allow a type to work correctly in a hash table. Well, to determine a hash key for the objects, rather than the unique identity of the objects. Then I thought that the GetHashcode would have to return an unique number for every possible object if I am to use it as key in the hashtable. No; the point of a hash function is to provide a hash key that will.usually. be different.

SHORT DESCRIPTION

Describes how to create, use, and sort hash tables in PowerShell.

LONG DESCRIPTION

A hash table, also known as a dictionary or associative array, is a compactdata structure that stores one or more key/value pairs. For example, a hashtable might contain a series of IP addresses and computer names, where the IPaddresses are the keys and the computer names are the values, or vice versa.

In PowerShell, each hash table is a Hashtable (System.Collections.Hashtable)object. You can use the properties and methods of Hashtable objects inPowerShell.

Beginning in PowerShell 3.0, you can use the [ordered] attribute to create anordered dictionary (System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary) inPowerShell.

Ordered dictionaries differ from hash tables in that the keys always appear inthe order in which you list them. The order of keys in a hash table is notdetermined.

The keys and value in hash tables are also .NET objects. They are most oftenstrings or integers, but they can have any object type. You can also createnested hash tables, in which the value of a key is another hash table.

Hash tables are frequently used because they are very efficient for findingand retrieving data. You can use hash tables to store lists and to createcalculated properties in PowerShell. And, PowerShell has a cmdlet,ConvertFrom-StringData, that converts strings to a hash table.

Syntax

The syntax of a hash table is as follows:

The syntax of an ordered dictionary is as follows:

The [ordered] attribute was introduced in PowerShell 3.0.

Creating Hash Tables

To create a hash table, follow these guidelines:

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Begin the hash table with an at sign (@).
Enclose the hash table in braces ({}).
Enter one or more key/value pairs for the content of the hash table.
Use an equal sign (=) to separate each key from its value.
Use a semicolon (;) or a line break to separate the key/value pairs.
Key that contains spaces must be enclosed in quotation marks. Values must bevalid PowerShell expressions. Strings must appear in quotation marks, even ifthey do not include spaces.
To manage the hash table, save it in a variable.
When assigning an ordered hash table to a variable, place the [ordered]attribute before the '@' symbol. If you place it before the variable name, thecommand fails.

To create an empty hash table in the value of $hash, type:

You can also add keys and values to a hash table when you create it. Forexample, the following statement creates a hash table with three keys.

Creating Ordered Dictionaries

You can create an ordered dictionary by adding an object of theOrderedDictionary type, but the easiest way to create an ordered dictionary isuse the [Ordered] attribute.

The [ordered] attribute is introduced in PowerShell 3.0.

Place the attribute immediately before the '@' symbol.

You can use ordered dictionaries in the same way that you use hash tables.Either type can be used as the value of parameters that take a hash table ordictionary (iDictionary).

You cannot use the [ordered] attribute to convert or cast a hash table. If youplace the ordered attribute before the variable name, the command fails withthe following error message.

To correct the expression, move the [ordered] attribute.

You can cast an ordered dictionary to a hash table, but you cannot recover theordered attribute, even if you clear the variable and enter new values. Tore-establish the order, you must remove and recreate the variable.

Displaying Hash Tables

To display a hash table that is saved in a variable, type the variable name.By default, a hash tables is displayed as a table with one column for keys andone for values.

Hash tables have Keys and Values properties. Use dot notation to display allof the keys or all of the values.

Each key name is also a property of the hash table, and its value is the valueof the key-name property. Use the following format to display the propertyvalues.

For example:

If the key name collides with one of the property names of the HashTable type,you can use PSBase to access those properties. For example, if the key nameis keys and you want to return the collection of Keys, use this syntax:

Hash tables have a Count property that indicates the number of key-value pairsin the hash table.

Hash table tables are not arrays, so you cannot use an integer as an indexinto the hash table, but you can use a key name to index into the hash table.If the key is a string value, enclose the key name in quotation marks.

For example:

Adding and Removing Keys and Values

To add keys and values to a hash table, use the following command format.

For example, to add a 'Time' key with a value of 'Now' to the hash table, usethe following statement format.

You can also add keys and values to a hash table by using the Add method ofthe System.Collections.Hashtable object. The Add method has the followingsyntax:

For example, to add a 'Time' key with a value of 'Now' to the hash table, usethe following statement format.

And, you can add keys and values to a hash table by using the additionoperator (+) to add a hash table to an existing hash table. For example, thefollowing statement adds a 'Time' key with a value of 'Now' to the hash tablein the $hash variable.

You can also add values that are stored in variables.

You cannot use a subtraction operator to remove a key/value pair from a hashtable, but you can use the Remove method of the Hashtable object. The Removemethod takes the key as its value.

The Remove method has the following syntax:

For example, to remove the Time=Now key/value pair from the hash table in thevalue of the $hash variable, type:

You can use all of the properties and methods of Hashtable objects inPowerShell, including Contains, Clear, Clone, and CopyTo. For more informationabout Hashtable objects, see 'System.Collections.Hashtable' on MSDN.

Object Types in HashTables

The keys and values in a hash table can have any .NET object type, and asingle hash table can have keys and values of multiple types.

The following statement creates a hash table of process name strings andprocess object values and saves it in the $p variable.

You can display the hash table in $p and use the key-name properties todisplay the values.

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The keys in a hash table can also be any .NET type. The following statementadds a key/value pair to the hash table in the $p variable. The key is aService object that represents the WinRM service, and the value is the currentstatus of the service.

You can display and access the new key/value pair by using the same methodsthat you use for other pairs in the hash table.

The keys and values in a hash table can also be Hashtable objects. Thefollowing statement adds key/value pair to the hash table in the $p variablein which the key is a string, Hash2, and the value is a hash table with threekey/value pairs.

You can display and access the new values by using the same methods.

Sorting Keys and Values

The items in a hash table are intrinsically unordered. The key/value pairsmight appear in a different order each time that you display them.

Although you cannot sort a hash table, you can use the GetEnumerator method ofhash tables to enumerate the keys and values, and then use the Sort-Objectcmdlet to sort the enumerated values for display.

For example, the following commands enumerate the keys and values in the hashtable in the $p variable and then sort the keys in alphabetical order.

The following command uses the same procedure to sort the hash values indescending order.

Creating Objects from Hash Tables

Beginning in PowerShell 3.0, you can create an object from a hash table ofproperties and property values.

The syntax is as follows:

This method works only for classes that have a null constructor, that is, aconstructor that has no parameters. The object properties must be public andsettable.

For more information, see about_Object_Creation.

ConvertFrom-StringData

The ConvertFrom-StringData cmdlet converts a string or a here-string ofkey/value pairs into a hash table. You can use the ConvertFrom-StringDatacmdlet safely in the Data section of a script, and you can use it with theImport-LocalizedData cmdlet to display user messages in the user-interface(UI) culture of the current user.

Here-strings are especially useful when the values in the hash table includequotation marks. For more information about here-strings, seeabout_Quoting_Rules.

The following example shows how to create a here-string of the user messagesin the previous example and how to use ConvertFrom-StringData to convert themfrom a string into a hash table.

The following command creates a here-string of the key/value pairs and thensaves it in the $string variable.

This command uses the ConvertFrom-StringData cmdlet to convert the here-stringinto a hash table.

For more information about here-strings, see about_Quoting_Rules.

Generate Sha256 Hash

The Commands to Run

Generate a 2048 bit RSA Key

You can generate a public and private RSA key pair like this:

openssl genrsa -des3 -out private.pem 2048

That generates a 2048-bit RSA key pair, encrypts them with a password you provideand writes them to a file. You need to next extract the public key file. You willuse this, for instance, on your web server to encrypt content so that it canonly be read with the private key.

Export the RSA Public Key to a File

This is a command that is

openssl rsa -in private.pem -outform PEM -pubout -out public.pem

The -pubout flag is really important. Be sure to include it.

Next open the public.pem and ensure that it starts with-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----. This is how you know that this file is thepublic key of the pair and not a private key.

To check the file from the command line you can use the less command, like this:

less public.pem

Do Not Run This, it Exports the Private Key

A previous version of the post gave this example in error.

openssl rsa -in private.pem -out private_unencrypted.pem -outform PEM

The error is that the -pubout was dropped from the end of the command.That changes the meaning of the command from that of exporting the public keyto exporting the private key outside of its encrypted wrapper. Inspecting theoutput file, in this case private_unencrypted.pem clearly shows that the keyis a RSA private key as it starts with -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----.

Visually Inspect Your Key Files

It is important to visually inspect you private and public key files to makesure that they are what you expect. OpenSSL will clearly explain the nature ofthe key block with a -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- or -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----.

You can use less to inspect each of your two files in turn:

less private.pem to verify that it starts with a -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
less public.pem to verify that it starts with a -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----

Generate Hash Key

The next section shows a full example of what each key file should look like.

The Generated Key Files

The generated files are base64-encoded encryption keys in plain text format.If you select a password for your private key, its file will be encrypted withyour password. Be sure to remember this password or the key pair becomes useless.

The private.pem file looks something like this:

The public key, public.pem, file looks like:

Generate A Hash Key Java

Protecting Your Keys

Depending on the nature of the information you will protect, it’s important tokeep the private key backed up and secret. The public key can be distributedanywhere or embedded in your web application scripts, such as in your PHP,Ruby, or other scripts. Again, backup your keys!

Remember, if the key goes away the data encrypted to it is gone. Keeping aprinted copy of the key material in a sealed envelope in a bank safety depositbox is a good way to protect important keys against loss due to fire or harddrive failure.

Oh, and one last thing.

If you, dear reader, were planning any funny business with the private key that I have just published here. Know that they were made especially for this series of blog posts. I do not use them for anything else.

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